Esthetic
Like many of the philosophical branches, aesthetics originated in Greece along with philosophy. In this evolution, among the legends of the various Greek gods are embodied the ugliness values and male and female beauty we find some of the most revealing myths of human feelings. For the personification of the feminine beauty it is indicated to Aphrodite, goddess of the love and the beauty, equivalent to the Roman Venus. In the Iliad of Homer appears as the daughter of Zeus and Dione, one of his consorts, but in later legends it is described sprouting from the foam of the sea and its name can be translated as 'born of foam'. In the Homeric legend, Aphrodite is the wife of Hephaestus, the ugly and lame god of fire. Among her lovers is Ares, god of war, who in later mythology appears as her husband. She was the rival of Persephone, queen of the underworld, with whom she fought for the love of the beautiful young Greek Adonis.
While the beautiful young Adonis, loved by the goddesses Aphrodite and Persephone is the male personification. Born of the incestuous union of King Cinyras of Cyprus and his daughter, Adonis was placed under the custody of Persephone, queen of the underworld. When Adonis died when attacked by a wild boar that he hunted, Aphrodite implored the god Zeus to return it to him. Zeus decreed that Adonis would spend the winter months with Persephone in Hades and the summer months with Aphrodite. The story of his death and resurrection is a symbol of the natural cycle of death and rebirth.
The pagan incarnation of ugliness is Pan, which in Greek mythology is the god of forests, fields and fertility, son of Hermes, messenger of the gods, and a nymph. In part animal, with the horns, legs and ears of a goat, was a robust deity, god of shepherds and goatherds. Magnificent musician, with his flute of reed or pipe accompanied the nymphs of the forest while they danced. His favorite places were mountains, caves and rugged landscapes, but his favorite was Arcadia, where he was born. He invented this flute when he was pursuing the nymph Siringa and locked her in a bed of reeds so that she could not escape from it; Pan, then, took canes of unequal length and played with them. The god always praised the nymphs playing the instrument, but all rejected it because of its ugliness. It is assumed that the word panic derives from the fear felt by travelers when they heard the sound of their flute in the solitude of the night.
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